How does an adverse economic shock affect families? We answer this question by exploiting a natural-experimental earthquake shock and unique panel data with comprehensive information on personal consumption and time use within households. We provide new evidence that the earthquake reduces the probability of divorce and induces intra-household reallocation from wives to husbands within the same household. We argue that the value of divorce decreases for wives due to the labor market shock, while the value of marriage remains high due to the family insurance provided by the husband to compensate for the wife's income loss, resulting in a decrease in the probability of divorce. We formally rationalize these results using a collective household model with limited commitment. Our empirical finding represents, to our knowledge, the first causal evidence to support the standard structural assumption of such responses and provides strong evidence against the assumption of income pooling.